Domestic appliance



I J. B. DYER 2,325,837

DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug. so, 1938 a sheets-sheet 1 v INVENTOR.

ATTO

Aug. 3, 1943.

J. DYER DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug. so; 1958 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 3, 1943. J. B. DYER DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug. so, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet s Q w Q w )v Aug. 3, 1943;

J. B. 'DYE R.

DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug. 50. 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 v Aug. 1943. J. B. 5YER 2,325,837

" DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug. 50, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 ya..- J

'A'ITO EY Aug. 3, 1943. J. B. DYER\ 2,325,837

DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug. :30, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Au L3,1943. a DY 2,325,837

I DOMESTIC APPLIANCE .Filed Aug. 30, .1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Aug. 3, 1943.

J. Bi DYER DOMESTIC APPLIANCE Filed Aug.

:1 OPERATION TIME 30, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 CAI XS 107 I0! I02 {as 104 :05 me FILL TUB VARIABLE WASH PERIOD sPIN. WASH WATER m'ro REseRvqxR PUMP r "1 INTO TUE AGITATB RINSE 3 1 PUMP RINSE 2mm "ma AGITATB RlNSE. *2

mm RINSE! RESERVOIR ARM OPENS SWL'I'CH AND SPIN RINSEW SPIN RINSE? Patented Aug. 3, 1943' DOMESTIC APPLIANCE John B. Dyer, Dayton. Ohio, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a corpora tion of Delaware Application August 30, 1938, S erial No. 227,519

3 Claims This invention relates to domestic appliances. An object of this invention is to provide a washing machine capable of performing a wash-' in?) operation and a drying operation in the same Another object of this invention is to provide a washing machine in which washing, drying the desiredoperations, and the machine may be started. Thereafter the selected operations are performed automatically without further attention from the user.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section of the tub and driving parts of a washing machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of my washing machine, showing the outer casing and several other parts in cross-section;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section transverse to Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section showing the clutch mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of, the exterior of the washing machine;

Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the washing machine;

Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the automatic controlling mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of the various cams used in the controlling mechanism;

Fig. 10 is a cross-section taken along the line III-I0 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a cross-section taken along the line ll-il ofFig.8;'

Fig. 12 is a cross-section taken along the line i2| 2 of Fig. 8;

Figs. 13, 14 and 15 are cross-sections of portions of solenoids which may be used in connection with my invention;

Fig. 16 is a wiring diagram showing the application of the automatic control of the various parts of the washing machine; and

- Fig. 17 is a time sheet indicating how the various cams control the various operations of the washing machine.

The clothes, or other articles to be washed, may be placed in the tub of my washing machine. A soap solution may be placed inone reservoir and first and second rinse waters may be placed in their respective reservoirs. The automatic controls may then be set for a selected length of wash period and the machine started. Thereafter the washing machine automatically pumps the soap solution into the tub;' agitates the clothes for the selected length of time in the soap solution; centrifuges the soap solution out of the clothes and back to its reservoir for subsequent use; pumps the first rinse water into the tub; agitates the clothes in the first rinse water for the proper length of time; centrifuges the first rinse water into a sewer connection; pumps the second rinse water into the tub; agitates the clothes in the second rinse water for the proper length or time; centrifuges the second rinse water intothe first rinse water reservoir for use, as first rinse water, with a subsequent batch of clothes; and then stops the motor of the machine in readiness for further washings or for proper cleansing of the machine at the completion of the washing operations.

My washing machine preferably is enclosed in a streamlined casing l0 adapted to be supported on the flour. The casing preferably contains the moving parts ofthe washing machine, reservoirs in which to store the various Washing fluids, and the automatic controls which cause the washing machine'to perform. in proper sequence, the various washing operations necessary to wash, and rinse the clothes and extract excess fluids therefrom.

The casing I0 is provided with, or supported on, a. plurality of vertical supporting standards II and I2. These standards support the moving parts of the washing machine. To this end. standards H are arched at I 3, to provide supports for the rods i4. Some of the standards Ii are provided with pedestals or casters 13a to rest on the floor. The machine may be provided with other pedestals or casters I3b, as desired. The

rods I4 are provided with rubber or rubber-like, end members l5 and Hi to insulate them both from a noise and a vibration standpoint. These rods are supported at their upper end by the arched portions l3 of the rods H and support, at their lower ends, a frame I1 upon which the tub l8, and the driving parts therefor are supported. The rods i4 and frame l1 therefore provide a free swinging support for the tub and the driving parts therefor, so that the force of to the floor upon which the washin machine rests.

The swin ing parts of the washing machine are joined to the relatively stationary parts of the washing machine by flexible hose connections, and, where control knobs, etc., are supported on the swinging parts of the washing machine and pass through the casing Iii, suitable openings are provided to allow such control rods to vibrate with the swinging parts, without touching the casing l0.

The tub l3 preferably is mounted for spinning or rotation about a vertical axis to perform the extracting or centrifuging action. A vertically pulsating, cone-shaped agitator I9 is placed within the tub. The arrangement is such that articles on the swinging frame I1.

assess? I which is rotationally free in the slot 32, so that when the portion 25 is reciprocated, the ring 32 and rod 24 are also reciprocated. 0n the other hand, when the tub is rotated, the agitator l5, rod 24 and ring 3| can rotate independently of the portion 25. a

The tub and driving mechanism are mounted The driving mechanism includes a motor 33 suspended from the bracket 34. The motor 33 ha a driving connection to impart rotation to the tub It. To this to be washed can be placed in the tub I, a proper washing solution, and first and second rinse waters can be placed in the reservoirs 20, 2| and 22. Thereafter, by proper setting of the control mechanism, the clothes are automatically washed in the washing solution, centrifuged, rinsed, centrifuged, rinsed, and again centrifuged to provide.

the complete washing of the clothes, in situ. The articles to be washed are agitated in the various washing fluids, which form bodies of washing fluid in the tub I8, by a series of strong, pulsating, radially outwardly directed currents of the-fluid at the bottom of the bodyof fluid in the tub l3. Thereafter the washing fluid is removed from the articles to be washed by imparting, in situ,

end, the motor 33 drives a shaft 35, provided with a worm 36 engaging the gear wheel 31. The gear wheel 31 is keyed to a hollow shaft 38, which carries, at its upper end a platform 39, bolted to the bottom of the tub I8. The shaft 38 is providedwith ball bearings 40 and 4|, the ball bearing 4| preferably being a thrust bearing, to receive the weight of the tub. The reciprocable shaft 24 is loosely mounted within the shaft 38 and preferably is provided with sleeve bearings 42 and 43.

The motor driven shaft 35 is provided with clutch means 44 for selectively connecting the tub centrifugal drive, or an agitator reciprocating drive with the motor 33. The clutch means includes the centrifugal clutch 45 and the reciprocating clutch 46. These clutches are actuated by a reciprocable rod 41 in such a manner that when the rod 41 is moved to the right, Figs. 1 and 5, the centrifugal clutch 45 is engaged, and when the rod 41 is moved to the left the reciprocatin clutch 46 is engaged. When the clutch 45 is a whirling centrifugal action to the tub l8. The various mechanisms/with which these steps are carried out are illustrated in the drawings.

The cone-shaped agitator I9 is preferably provided with a cone-shaped rubber, or rubber-like, rim 23 along its lower edge. The agitator is supported on the upper end of a vertically reciprocable rod 24. A suitable "metallic or rubber-like diaphragm 25a is provided near the rod 24 or agitator I! of the tub It to prevent the flow of liquid along the rod 24. The rod 24 is vertically reciprocated by means of a Scotch yoke mechanism 25 at its lower end. The Scotch yoke mechanism is of such a character that it imparts a vertical reciprocating movement to the rod 24 and permits the same to rotate with the tub l8 when the tub is rotated.

The agitator reciprocating movement of inches, at a speed of about minute. Preferably the tub I8 is about 20 to 25 inches in diameter at the top. When clothes are placed in the tub, with liquid nearly to the top, and the agitator is reciprocated at therate l9 preferably is given a vertical about 1 inches to 2 450 pulsations per above given, a very efficient washing action is obwardiy directed water currents at the bottom of the tub, which, in turn, imparts the "smoker's ring" agitation to the main body of water.

The Scotch yoke mechanism 25 includes the portion 25 provided with a horizontal slot 21 which is engaged by the pin 23 eccentrically carriedon the disc 23. The disc 23 is rotated by the shaft 34. The rod 24 is secured to a ring 3| engaged, the worm 35 is rotated, thus causing centrifugal rotation of the tub. When the clutch 45 is engaged, the gear 48 is rotated, which in turn drives the large gear wheel 49 carried by the shaft 30. Rotation of the shaft 3|! causes reciprocation of the agitator l9 through the medium of the shaft 24.

Any suitable type of selective clutch mechanism may be used. For example, the clutch mechanism shown in Fig. 5 includes driven discs 50 and 5| and driving discs 52 and 53 carried by the cups 52a and 53a, respectively, keyed to the shaft 35. Spring 54 urges the clutch discs 54 and 52 into engagement while spring 55 urges the clutch discs 5| and 53 into engagement. The rod 41 carries brake elements 55 and 51. When the rod is moved to the right, as shown in Fig. 5, the brake element 51 engages with the brake disc 58 and removes the spring pressure of spring 54 from the discs 50 and 52 thus disengaging the reciprocating drive and applying a. braking action to it. At the same time, the brake element 55 is moved away from the brake disc 59. This permits the force of the spring 55 to be applied to the 'discs 5| and 53 thus bringing the sleeve 50, carrying the worm 36, into driving engagement with the shaft 35, thus causing centrifugal rota tion of the tub. Conversely, when the shaft 41 is moved to the left, the discs 5| and 53 are dis-- engaged, and the discs 50 and 52 are engaged,

thus connecting the agitator I! to the motor through the medium of shaft 35, discs 53 and 52, etc., the discs 53 being keyed on sleeve 43a carrying gear 48.

The shaft 41 is-moved to the right by spin solenoid 41a and to the left by agitation solenoid 41b. These solenoids are automatically energized at the proper times by the control mechanism herein more fully described. when neither solenoid is energized, both the tub and the agitator remain stationary, since both clutches 45 and 45 are disengaged at neutral position of rod 41. a

The washing machine may be provided with vided, which is drivingly engaged with the motor 33 through the medium of a clutch II and a belt drive I2, the clutch II being actuated by the solenoid I3. The intake of the pump I is connected, by a partly flexible pipe I4 with the reservoirs 20, 2| and 22 through the medium of branches I5, 16 and I1 respectively, which branches are provided with solenoid valves- I8, I9

and 89 respectively. The discharge of the pump 'is connected through the medium of a partly flexible pipe 8|, solenoid 'valve 82 and pipe 83 with the tub I8, and is also connected with a drain connection 84, which branches from the solenoid valve 82. A drain trough 85 is placed around the upper portion of the tub I8, so that liquid can be discharged from the tub through the slotted opening 86 into the trough 85. From thence the liquid can be discharged into the reservoir 29 or 2|, a selected by the solenoid valve 81, through the medium of pipes 88 and 89. The pipes I4 and 8| are rendered partially flexible by rubber hose sections 14a and Ma.

The various operations of the washing machine may be automatically controlled. For this purpose, the motor 33 is drivingly connected, through belt 90, with a control switch box 9i,

which is provided with suitable cam actuated ,gageably and disengageably connected to the internal cone-shaped gear wheel 95 to drive the shaft 95 at slow speed. The shaft 96 is longitudinally movable by th handle 91, through the forked crank 97a and disc 91b secured to shaft 96, to bring into engagement or disengagement the gears 94 and 95. When the gears are disengaged by movement of handle 91, the shaft 96 can be positioned at any initial starting adjustment by means of the positioning knob 98 for initiating the wa hing cycle. When the handle 91 is released, spring II9 returns shaft 98 leftward.

The first manipulation of the knob 98 is such as to set the-drive crank 99 a proper angular disdrive shaft 98 to be rotated a selected period of time before the members 99 and I99 come into driving engagement. The time that shaft 99 rotates before the members 99 and I99 engage each other is the period A during which the tub I8 is filled with soap solution and the period B during which the clothes are agitated in the soap solution. This period B is'adju'stably selectable to provide a variable wash period, of a length desired by the user, during which the clothes are agitated in the soap solution. After the mem- 99 and I99 which selects the time that shaft 98 can rotate before it starts rotating shaft 96a.

Fig. 16 shows the action of the various cams. After the clothes have been placed in the tub I8, the cover I08 is closed and the soap solution and rinses are placed in reservoirs 29, 2i and 22 through the hinged door opening I'08a. The

switch I89 is turned to the onor closedposi-.

tion. The handle 9'! is then moved outwardly to disengage the gears 94 and 95 and the knob 98 is turned to the proper index (see Fig. 6) to providethe desired length of washing period B. The handle 91 is then released, so that the spring I I9 moves the shaft 96 to the left and engages the gears 94 and 95. v".lf'he cam I9! is provided with a following switch II I, carried by a movable arm H2, so that when the shaft 96 is initially positioned at its selected position the contacts II3 of the switch III are closed and remain closed a suiiicient length of time to pump the soap solution from the reservoir 29 into the tub I8. The closing of contacts H3 energizes the pump clutch solenoid I3 and thesoap solution valve 18 to cause thepumping operation. The contacts II3 remain closed a sufficient length of time to permit all of the liquid to be transferred from the reservoir 29 into the tub I8. During the time that thetub is being filled, the tub and agitator are stationary since the solenoids 41a and 41b are not energized. When the circuits to pump clutch solenoid I3 or tospin solenoid 41a are closed the relay switch I I4 is opened, thus preventing energization of the by the initial setting, by knob 98, of the angulardistance between the members 99 and I00. Contacts H3 open after a fixed period of time A and before the members 99 and I09 come into engagement.

tance from the driven pin I09. This permits the After the members 99 and H19 come intorengagement, the shaft 96a begins to rotate and the cam I8I moves to close contacts H5, as indicated by the time sheet, Fig. 17, period CI The closing of the contacts H5 energizes the solenoid 41a and deenergizes solenoid 41b, thus changing the drive from agitation to spinning and-causing the clothes to be centrifuged for a suitable period of time C, as long as the corresponding knob of cam I9I keeps the switch H5 closed. The soap solution, during this centrifuging period, is discharged into the trough and from thence flows through the valve 81 and pipe 88 back into the reservoir 20 for reuse with the second batch of clothes. The valve 81 is of the character shown in Fig. 14, and, when unenergized, causes liquid to flow into the pipe 88 rather than into the pipe 89.

The next operation D, the pumping of the first rinse water into tub I8, takes place, as indicated by Fig. 17, when cams I04 and I05 close their respective switches IIGand Ill. The clos-' ing of switch H6 energizes the pump solenoid 13, which, by the means of cantilever I I8, acting against tension spring 811, engages the pump clutch II and drives the pump III. The closing of switch II6 also energizes and opens relay I I4 thus preventing agitation. At the same time, the closing of the switch III energizes the motor 33 and the tub ll'during solenoid valve 13 of the reservoir 2I and causes the pump II to pumpthe first rinse water from reservoir 2I into tub I3. At this time, the cam III has'opened the switch II! and thus the tub is not rotated, and the first rinse water re-' mains in the tub I3. After the filling operation D is terminated by the opening of switch III by cam I04, operation E takes place by the conse- .quent deenergization and closing of relay 4.

prevents agitation by the energization and open- The closing of switch 3 ingof relay II4. energizes solenoid valve 31, so that the rinse water being centrifuged flows through pipe 89' into the reservoir 2|. The closing of the con the discharge from the pump I0, and i from reservoir 2| is directed to the sewer connection 34. The closing of switch I I energizes the pump clutch and stops the agitator, and the closing of switch II energizes valve I9, so that the pump 13 can remove the soiled first rinse water as fast as it is-returned to reservoir 2| and can discharge it to the sewer connection 84.

Thereafter operation G takes place during tacts II! energizes the solenoid valve 82, so that which the second rinse is pumped from reservoir 22 into tub I8. Cam I04 keeps the switch III closed, and the cam I00 closes the contacts I20. Since the contacts II0 remain closed, the pump continues to operate and relay II4 remains open to prevent actuation of the agitator, and the closing of contacts I20 energizes the solenoid valve 30 and causes the pump III to pump the second rinse water from reservoir 22 into the tub I3. The agitator and tub are stationary during this period.

During period H the clothes are agitated in the second rinse water. During this period all pumpin: operations are stopped and the agitator is actuated since relay I II in closed.

Thereafter, during period I, the final centrifugal s inning action takes place'and the second The continued rotation of brinasthearmlllintoengagementwiththe switch I2I at pointv I2Ih (P18. 12) to open its contacts. Theopmingofeontactsiflstopsthe alloperations,sothat the anddriedelothescanberemovedfrom drain position. Ti e turning of this switch (indicated by dotted line I22 in Fig. 16) closes contacts I23 to I23 inclusive. The closing of switches I23 and I24 energizes motor 33 and valve I3.

The closing of switches I20 to I23 energizes valve 82, pump clutch solenoid I3, and valves 13 and 80 respectively and opens relay III. The closing of contacts I25 causes the tub to spin. tub I8, before the switch I22 is manipulated. can be scrubbed with water which remains in the tub until switch IIO is-manipulated. As the tub I3 then spins, the water in the tub is centrifugally discharged into reservoir 20 and from thence through pump I0 into the sewer connection 84. r l

.The relative position of these parts can be changed. The reservoirs 20, 2| and 22 need riot be placed inside the casing I0, but may be on the outside of the casing and the automatic operation still may be maintained.

Mechanism which causes the switch III to follow properly the cam Ill is provided. The arm H2 is frictionally held in any position by hub I30. The hub I30 is pulled against support I3I by'spring I32 andsleeve I33, so that arm II2 tends to remain wherever last positioned. The gear wheel 95 has two lugs I34 and I35 which straddle the lower portion I36 oi'arm I I2. when gear vwheel 95 is turned (Fig. 11), as indicated by the dotted arrow on the right, lug I30 carries arm II2 with it in a clockwise direction, so that when operation is started and gear wheel 95 is started counterclockwise by motor operation, cam I01 closes switch II3 for the necessary period of time to Dump the soap solution from reservoir 20 to tub I8. The switch H3, and

arm H2, remain frictionally in the same place until the knob of cam I01 has passed and opened the switch II3 to terminate the pumping action. Thereafter the lug I34 moves the arm I l2 counterclockwise during the selected length of time of period B after which the shaft 301! starts rotation to control operations C-I inclusive, to

be ready to be again set by lug I35 when the machine is reset. During the resetting operation the cam I" is moved to the right by the movetheindefinitelylongperiod.

oftimeJduringwhichallwashingoperations',

sto ped. The next subsequent batch of othes is insertedin tub I3 during this period reservoir 22 is refilled with rinse water, reset, and washing operations are on the next batch of clothes as predescribed with respect to the first batch. is desired to empty the machine of the drain. switch I22 is ment of handle 31 (Fig. 8), so that the cam Ill does not engage switch II3 during the resetting operation.

The shaft 30:: constantly is under a clockwise (as viewed in Fig. 12) turning impulse under theaction of spring 133,-so that it moves from the position shown in Fig. 12 only when turned by drive crank 33. when the control mechanism-is reset by the user, and when handle 31 is pulled out the shaft 30a is returned to the Fig. 12 position by spring I33 and is held with pin Ill against stop I33. This returns shaft 30 and knob 33 to "zero" position. The user thenturnsknobfltothedeslredwashingperiod of 6, 10, 15, 20 or other desired number of minutes. 1 The moving parts of the driving mechanism are enclosed in casing III which-swings from rods i4. Thecasing iilispartiallyfilledwith oil,sofliataliofthemovingpartsorthedxivins mechanismare lubricated by the splash sys- "Whiiethe form of embodimentoftheinventionashereindiscloscieonstitutesapreferred form, it'isto be lmderstood that other forms mightbeadoptedailcomingwithinthesc p of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

turnedtothti'i Ll m lhtmacleansing The" liquid reservoir, a first rinse liquid reservoir, a source of second rinse liquid, means for transferring cleansing liquid from the cleansing liquid reservoir to the tub, means for agitating the cleansing liquid within the tub, means for transferring the cleansing liquid from the tub to its reservoir, means for transferring the first rinse liquid to. the tub, means for agitating the first rinse liquid in the tub, means for transferring the first rinse liquid to a place of disposal, means for introducing the second rinse liquid into said tub, means for agitating the second rinse liquid ervoir, controlling means controlling a cycle of operations including a series of tub liquid-filling in the tub, means for transferring the second rinse liquid from the tub to the first rinse reservoir, and means for causing each of said means to operate in the sequence named.

2. In a washing machine, a tub, a liquid reservoir, controlling means controlling a cycle of operations including a series of tub liquid-filling and emptying operations, and fiow mean under and emptying operations, and flow means under the control of said controlling means for filling said tub with liquid and emptying said liquid into said'liquid reservoir at one stage of said series'during one cycle of operations and for filling said tub from said reservoir at an earlier stage of said series during a subsequent cycle of operations.

JOHN B. DYER. 

